The Parisian club has now claimed the prestigious trophy on 14 separate occasions.
The Parisian giants required a stoppage-time leveler followed by a perfect penalty shootout to get past their arch-rivals in Kuwait and capture a fourth straight Trophee des Champions title.
The Champions League holders seemed to be sailing towards a straightforward triumph in the match featuring the French league winners and the Coupe de France winners after the French winger found the scoring early on.
However, Marseille fired twice in the closing moments to seize a shock advantage. First, Mason Greenwood scored from the penalty spot, before Willian Pacho inadvertently turned the ball into his own net for an own-goal.
In a remarkable turn of events, Goncalo Ramos snatched a crucial leveler in the dying moments to force the match into a deciding shootout. PSG goalkeeper Chevalier then emerged as the key figure, saving crucial attempts from Matt O'Riley and Hamed Traore.
In the shootout, Goncalo Ramos, Vitinha, Nuno Mendes, and Desire Doue all converted successfully for PSG to complete a 4-1 shootout victory.
The record winners PSG, who faced last season's Ligue 1 runners-up Marseille after achieving a league and cup double, have now lifted this trophy for the twelfth time in the past thirteen seasons.